Authors: Clément Pozzi, Marc Gardegaront, Lucille Allegre, Philippe Beillas Abstract The development of drones has raised questions about their safety in case of high-speed impacts with the head. This has been recently…
Tag: 68th Stapp Car Crash Conference
Micromechanics of axonal injury in tension and compression
Authors: Chaokai Zhang, Songbai Ji Abstract This study investigates the deformation and failure mechanisms of axonal components under rapid tension and compression using a recently developed microscale male axonal injury model. A…
Traumatic Head and Brain Injuries in Helmeted Motorcycle Crashes: Developing and Testing Effective Helmets
Author: John Lloyd Abstract This study presents an analysis of 328 motorcycle helmet impact tests, including standard certified full-face, open-face, and half-helmets, as well as novelty (non-certified) helmet designs. Several advanced motorcycle…
A Study of submarining occurrence factors in reclined sitting posture
Authors: Garam Jeong, Dohyung Kim, Kyungwon Seo and Seokhoon Ko Abstract A series of crash simulations and SLED tests were performed to investigate the factors causing the submarine phenomenon. A parametric study…
Pelvis/Sacrum Fracture Tolerance for Males and Females under High-Rate Loading
Authors: David M. Boyle, Warren N. Hardy, Kerry A. Danelson Abstract Pelvis fracture tolerance was determined for three groups: small females (5F), large females (75F), and midsized males (50M) under highly controlled,…
An Exploration of Military Armored Vehicle Blast Event Timing for the Inclusion of Active and Passive Safety Systems
Authors: Tania Holmes, Paul Phillips, Kyle Cooper, Hormoz Marzbani Abstract Recent conflicts have led defence forces around the world to increase their vehicle protection to mitigate injury. However, the adoption and adaption…
Thoracic Responses of Rear-Seated Midsized Male Surrogates during Frontal Sled Tests
Authors: Devon L. Albert, Samuel T. Bianco, Allison J. Guettler, David M. Boyle, Andrew R. Kemper, Warren N. Hardy Abstract The purpose of this study was to evaluate the thoracic responses of…
Comparison of Hybrid III, THOR, and PMHS Forward Excursions in the Rear Seat during Frontal Sled Tests
Authors: Devon L. Albert, Samuel T. Bianco, Allison J. Guettler, David M. Boyle, Andrew R. Kemper, Warren N. Hardy Abstract The purpose of this study was to compare the forward excursions of…
Developing Finite Element Head Models using Advanced Blocking Techniques: Density-Changeable High-Quality All-Hexahedral Meshes and Fit for Individual Brain Component Morphing
Authors: Sakib Ul Islam, Kewei Bian, and Haojie Mao Abstract Detailed all-hexahedral solid head models were developed using an advanced blocking technique. A strategic O- grid core was implemented facilitating node-to-node connectivity…
Development of Pelvis Injury Risk Curves for Iliac Bone Fracture Due to Lap Belt Loading in Female PMHS Sled Tests
Authors: Karthik Somasundaram, Narayan Yoganandan, Klaus Driesslein, Frank A. Pintar, Rachel Richardson, Dan Parent Abstract This study aimed to develop injury tolerance metrics for iliac bone fractures resulting from lap belt loading…
Investigation of Injury Risk Functions of THOR-AV 50th Percentile Male Dummy
Author: Z. Jerry Wang Abstract Injury risk functions (IRF) for the THOR-AV 50th percentile male dummy were investigated in this research. The investigation focused on the areas where design changes were made….
Far-Side Struck Occupant Injury Patterns and Severities with Gender and Size
Authors: Jay Zhao, Gabriela Mata, Mutaz Shkoukani, Joyson Safety Systems Abstract This study was to better understand injury patterns and severities of far-side occupants of small size females and mid/large size males…
Isolated Rib Response and Fracture Prediction for Young Mid-Size Male, Enabled by Population Specific Material Models and Geometry
Authors: Miguel Corrales, Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo; Sven Holcombe, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan; Amanda Agnew, Yun-Seok Kang, Injury Biomechanics Research Center, The Ohio State University;…
Development of A Generic Nearside Impact Test Fixture for Evaluating In-Vehicle Crashworthiness of Wheelchairs
Authors: Kyle Boyle, Jingwen Hu, Miriam Manary, Nichole R. Orton, Kathleen D. Klinich, University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute Abstract Current voluntary standards for wheelchair crashworthiness only test under frontal and rear…
Preliminary Evaluation of OpenSim as a Tool for Simulating Occupant Kinematics in Low-Speed Rear-End Collisions
Authors: Brandon Fugger, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Dakota; Jesse Rhoades, Department of Education, Health & Behavior, University of North Dakota Abstract This study explored the feasibility of using OpenSim’s…
Integration of Muscle Pre-tension and Activation to Evaluate Neck Muscle Strain Injury Risk during Simulated Rear Impacts Using a Finite Element Neck Model
Authors: Matheus A. Correia, Stewart D. McLachlin, Duane S. Cronin, Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo Abstract Prevention of rear-impact neck injuries remains challenging for safety designers due to…
Anthropometric Influences on Changes in Belt-Positioning Booster Occupant Lower Extremity Postures
Authors: Rosalie Connell, Gretchen Baker, Julie Mansfield, Injury Biomechanics Research Center, The Ohio State University Abstract Deviation from ideal postures within belt-positioning booster seats (BPB) can lead to increased risks of injury…
Evaluation of Child Anthropometries in Relation to Modern Vehicle Seat and Booster Dimensions
Authors: Gretchen Baker, Rosalie Connell, Injury Biomechanics Research Center, The Ohio State University; Carrie Rhodes, Passenger Safety Program, Nationwide Children’s Hospital; Julie Mansfield, Injury Biomechanics Research Center, The Ohio State University Abstract…
Effects of Head Restraint (HR) Interference on Child Restraint System (CRS) Performance in Frontal and Far-Side Impacts
Authors: Julie Mansfield, Injury Biomechanics Research Center, The Ohio State University Abstract Forward-facing child restraint systems (FF CRS) and high-back boosters often contact the vehicle seat head restraint (HR) when installed, creating…
Role of Pedestrian Waist and Hip Height Relative to the Vehicle Front End in Kinematics and Torso Injuries
Authors: Becky Mueller, Samuel Monfort, Jessica Jermakian, Insurance Institute for Highway Safety Abstract This study examined 127 U.S. pedestrian crashes involving model year 2009–2022 cars, SUVs, and pickups to explore how the…
Evaluating Pedestrian Injury Risk in SUV Impacts Using a Validated Human Body and Vehicle Model
Authors: Ying Tao, Liying Zhang, Wayne State University Abstract Pedestrian fatalities have surged recently, with SUVs disproportionately causing severe injuries than sedans. This study aimed to enhance the biofidelity of the THUMS…
Effect of A-Pillar Blind Spots on a Driver’s Pedestrian Visibility during Vehicle Turns at an Intersection
Authors: Yasuhiro Matsui, National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory, Japan; Shoko Oikawa, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Japan Abstract This study aims to elucidate the impact of A-pillar blind spots on drivers’ visibility of…