Authors: Garam Jeong, Dohyung Kim, Kyungwon Seo and Seokhoon Ko
Abstract
A series of crash simulations and SLED tests were performed to investigate the factors causing the submarine phenomenon. A parametric study was conducted on various factors such as ATD type, seat recline angle, and restraint device, and the results were analyzed. In the study, the submarine phenomenon was shown to be highly affected by the type of ATD and seat recline angle. It was also shown that the submarining could be controlled by lower body restraint devices such as KAB or SCAB. SCAB had the effect of delaying the time of submarine occurrence, and KAB had the effect of returning the passenger’s posture to the normal sitting position. On the other hand, it was found that upper body responses of ATD in the reclined position can be mitigated through the dual-depth PAB.
Type: Short Communication